This report seeks to examine whether China is poised to take on more responsibility for the proliferation risks in the Middle East as it advances its own diplomatic and commercial interests.

This report evaluates the effect of economic sanctions on household welfare in Iran between 2010-20, using data from the annual Household Expenditure and Income Survey.

This special report explores whether regional economic integration can serve as a pillar for more constructive diplomatic relations between the countries of the Persian Gulf region.

This special report investigates the effects of economic sanctions on children’s education in the region of Baluchistan, part of the Iranian province of Sistan and Baluchistan, the poorest in the country.

Iran’s capital, Tehran, is a megacity home to over 15 million people. Like Los Angeles, Mexico City, and Tokyo, Tehran is also located at the convergence of multiple fault lines. The last major earthquake to hit Tehran occurred in 1830. A major earthquake is overdue.

This special report examines the policies and economic factors that facilitated the rise of Iranian non-oil exports in the decade-long periods before and after the year 2000.

This first-of-its-kind special report explores the dynamics behind Iran’s ties to Central Asia’s political heavyweights—Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan—and how their behaviour may shape the future of Tehran’s regional policy.

Since the Trump administration reimposed secondary sanctions on Iran in November 2018 as part of its “economic war,” the Iranian economy has faced higher inflation, disruption in trade, and a manufacturing slowdown. But over the least year, there are signs of resilience and readjustment that suggest that Iran’s economy is unlikely to be brought “to its knees,” despite the fact that the economy continues to face significant hurdles.

New analysis by Bourse & Bazaar and the European Leadership Network, evaluates INSTEX's design and operationalization. Drawing on meetings with European officials, business leaders, and legal and financial experts engaged in discussions around the mechanism, the report sets out how INSTEX will operate, and makes clear that it is a limited solution for a specific problem.

A review of trade data from the General Customs Administration of the People’s Republic of China shows that China-Iran trade has fallen dramatically in the two months following the reimposition of US secondary sanctions. Chinese exports to Iran have collapsed from about USD 1.2 billion in October 2018 to just USD 391 million in December 2018—a fall of nearly 70 percent.

Drawing from discussions held at the 5th Europe-Iran Forum on May 14 in Paris, France, this report argues that in creating a special purpose vehicle for Iran trade, Europe should constrain the initial focus of the entity on humanitarian goods, creating a humanitarian special purpose vehicle or H-SPV. In doing so, Europe can be more ambitious in the mechanism used by the H-SPV to facilitate Europe-Iran trade and investment in the face of U.S. secondary sanctions. The report is a joint publication of the European Leadership Network and Bourse & Bazaar.

Drawing from discussions held at the Iran Financial Future Summit on May 29, this report outlines a "new banking architecture" to facilitate Europe-Iran trade and investment in the face of U.S. secondary sanctions. At the center of this architecture is the creation of an "EU-OFAC," a regulatory body that would support measures in compliance and legal protection. The report is a joint publication of the European Leadership Network and Bourse & Bazaar.

Following President Trump's decision to reissue key sanctions waivers and keep the United States in the Iran Deal for the time being, Bourse & Bazaar is launching a special report on the two year anniversary of the implementation of the JCPOA. This report draws on a new survey designed and implemented in collaboration with International Crisis Group. The survey includes detailed insights from over 60 multinational senior executives working in Iran. The survey was administered in December 2017.